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Kings
Plutarch (46-127), the Greek historian, called King Abgar V. "an Arab
phylarch" and the Roman Tacitus (56-117) called him "king of the
Arabs".
Many modern scholars add to the confusion and insist that the
ruling class of Urhoy probably were Arabs by repeating these absurd and
ridiculous statements.
Saint James of Sarug, the excellent Aramean scholar, who studied in the famous school of Urhoy called the same King Abgar V. "the Aramean's son" (1).
The East Aramean Solomon from Basra mentioned him as "The Aramean king of Mesopotamia" (2).
Apart from this the founder of the Kingdom of Osrhoene was called
"Aryo" and Aryo is not an Arab name, but Aramean meaning "Lion".
This makes clear the purely Aramean nature of the Abgarid Kingdom.
The List of Kings according to the Chronicle of Zuqnin of c. A.D. 775:
| 132-127 BC | Aryo |
| 127-120 BC | Abdu bar Mazur |
| 120-115 BC | Fradhasht bar Gebaru |
| 115-112 BC | Bakru I, bar Fardhasht |
| 112-94 BC | Bakry II, bar Bakru |
| 94 BC | Manu I |
| 94-68 BC | Abgar I Piqa |
| 68-53 BC | Abgar II bar Abgar |
| 53-52 BC | interregnum |
| 52-34 BC | Manu II |
| 34-29 BC | Paqor |
| 29-26 BC | Abgar III |
| 26-23 BC | Abgar IV Sumaqa |
| 23-4 BC | Manu III Saphlul |
| 4 BC-7 AD | Abgar V Ukkama bar Manu |
| 7-13 | Manu IV bar Manu |
| 13-50 | Abgar V Ukkama (second time) |
| 50-57 | Manu V bar Abgar |
| 71-91 | Manu VI bar Abgar |
| 91-109 | interregnum |
| 109-116 | Abgar VII bar Ezad |
| 116-118 | interregnum |
| 118-122 | Yalur and Parthmaspat |
| 112-123 | Parthmaspat |
| 123-139 | Manu VII bar Ezad |
| 139-163 | Manu VIII bar Manu |
| 163-165 | Wael bar Sahru |
| 165-177 | Manu VIII (second time) |
| 177-212 | Abgar VIII the Great bar Manu |
| 212-214 | Abgar IX Severus bar Abgar |
| 214-240 | Manu IX bar Abgar |
| 240-242 | Abgar X Frahad bar Manu |
(1) Saint James of Sarug in his Homily on Urhoy and Jerusalem: Words,
Texts And Concepts Cruising The Mediterranean Sea: Studies On The
Sources, Contents And Influences Of Islamic Civilization And Arabic
Philosophy And Science : Dedicated To Gerhard Endress On His Sixty
Peter Bruns' Ein Memra des Jakob von Serug Auf Edessa und Jerusalem, p.
546
See also his Homily on Guria and Shamuna: Text tr. A. Roberts
and J. Donaldson (eds.), Ante-Nicene Fathers, vol. 8 (1886);) (See
Syriac Manuscripts from the Vatican Library: Volume 1, VatSyr. 117,
number 224:On Shmona and Gurya. Fol. 551a, p. 1099)
(2) Solomon of al-Basra's "The Book of the Bee", edited and
translated by Earnest A. Wallis Budge, M. A. [Oxford, the Clarendon
Press] 1886, chapt. XXIII, p. 38
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